Scientists at the University of Bath have developed a diagnostic tool that can predict whether a cancer patient is likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The method uses an imaging technique, iFRET, to directly assess interaction between programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) ligand with its receptor programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), in patients’ tumor samples. The team hopes that the technique will allow clinicians to tailor treatments to individual patients and avoid treatment paths that are unlikely to be successful.